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Cerebrovascular disease

​Cerebrovascular disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the circulation of blood to the brain, which causes limited or no blood flow to the brain.  Common forms of cerebrovascular disease include cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism and cerebral hemorrhage.  The NWHU monitors trends in hospitalization and mortality from cerebrovascular diseases in the catchment area.

Hospitalization
Between 2010 and 2014, hospitalization rates for cerebrovascular disease were significantly higher in the NWHU area than Ontario as a whole. On average, 97.7 hospitalizations per 100,000 per year occurred in Ontario, and 136.7 hospitalizations per 100,000 per year occurred within the NWHU area, a statistically significant difference. A downward trend is seen in Ontario, with a slight increase in 2014, whereas rates in the NWHU area fluctuated with rates increasing in 2012 and then decreasing in 2013 but rising again in 2014.

Males had higher rates of hospitalization (152.0 per 100,000 per year) due to cerebrovascular disease compared with females (122.5 per 100,000 per year) and the highest rates occurred among those 75 years of age and older (1,298.3 hospitalization per 100,000).

Hospitalization rates from cerebrovascular disease, NWHU and Ontario, 2010-2014

opens hospital rates chart
Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Hospitalization for cerebrovascular disease 2010-2014. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 May 26]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Hospitalization.aspx ​

Hospitalization from cerebrovascular disease in the NWHU by sex, rates per 100,000, 2010-2014​

​​Age-standardized rate per 100,000​​​​​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Sex​ ​2010 ​2011 ​2012 ​2013 ​2014 ​Average
​Males ​153.8 ​170.2 ​159.4 ​131.2 ​145.5 ​152.0
​Females ​120.4 ​110.5 ​135.5 ​115.4 ​130.7 ​122.5
 Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Hospitalization for cerebrovascular disease 2010-2014. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 May 26]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Hospitalization.aspx

Hospitalization from cerebrovascular disease in the NWHU by age group, rates per 100,000, 2010-2014

Age-specific rate per 1​00,000​​​​​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​Age ​2007​ ​2008 ​2009 ​2010 ​2011 ​Average
0-19​ ​0.0​ ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0
​20-44 ​20.3 ​57.3 ​57.5 ​33.1 ​16.5 ​36.9
45-64​ ​120.6 ​141.3 ​163.1 ​151.2 ​181.8 ​151.6
65-74​ ​622.2 ​506.8 ​482.3 ​385.9 ​517.8 ​503.0
​75+ ​1,444.3 ​1,201.5 1,340.6 ​1,155.2 ​1,350.1 ​1,298.3  

Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Hospitalization for cerebrovascular disease 2010-2014. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 May 26]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Hospitalization.aspx​


Mortality

Mortality rates due to cerebrovascular disease in the NWHU region were level with the province as a whole between 2007 and 2011. Approximately 36.7 deaths per 100,000 per year occurred within the NWHU while 30.2 deaths per 100,000 per year occurred within Ontario during this time period. The rate in the NWHU area was statistically higher than that of Ontario in 2009, with a large upward spike seen. However, subsequent years show a consistent downward trend that ultimately reaches below the Ontario average in 2011.

There were no statistical differences between male and female rates in the NWHU area. Older Adults 75 years of age and older, as expected, had the highest mortality rates (619.1 deaths per 100,000).


Mortality from cerebrovascular disease, NWHU and Ontario, 2007-2011​

opens mortality rates chart

Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 2007-2011. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 June 24]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Mortality.aspx​


Mortality from cerebrovascular disease in the NWHU by sex, rates per 100,000, 2007-2011

​​Age-standardized rate per 100,000​​​​​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Sex​ ​2007 ​2008 ​2009 ​2010 ​2011 ​Average
​Males ​50.2 ​21.3 ​49.3 ​34.2 ​23.1 ​35.6
​Females ​35.1 ​25.8 ​41.7 ​35.5 ​19.7 ​31.6

Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 2007-2011. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 June 24]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Mortality.aspx



Mortality from cerebrovascular disease in the NWHU by age group, rates per 100,000, 2007-2011

Age-specific rate per 1​00,000​​​​​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​Age ​2007​ ​2008 ​2009 ​2010 ​2011 ​Average
0-19​ ​0.0​ ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​0.0
​20-44 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​4.0 ​0.0 ​0.0 ​4.0
45-64​ ​27.3 ​8.9 ​8.7 ​8.6 ​4.3 ​11.6
65-74​ ​108.2 ​88.0 ​8.7 ​8.6 ​4.3 ​11.6
​75+ ​702.2 ​346.4 832.1 ​722.2 ​492.4 ​619.1

Source:  Public Health Ontario. Snapshots: Mortality from cerebrovascular disease 2007-2011. Toronto, ON: Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion; 2016 Feb 1 [cited 2016 June 24]. Available from: http://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/DataAndAnalytics/Snapshots/Pages/Chronic-Disease-Mortality.aspx​




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